All Issue

2021 Vol.26, Issue 3 Preview Page

Article (Special Issue)

Efforts on Improving Comparability of Ocean Chemical Data

해양 화학 자료 상호비교성 향상을 위한 노력

TAEKEUN RHO1*
노 태근1*
1Deputy Director, Instrumental Development and Management Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, 49111, Korea
1한국해양과학기술원 해양기기개발·운영센터 센터장
*Corresponding Author
31 August 2021. pp. 201-219
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

Recently, in order to understand the role of the ocean in global problems such as climate change, various researchers have made efforts to integrate and systematically manage the data collected from the world’s oceans over the past half century. In Korea, public institutions, research institutes, and universities are carrying out efforts to continuously monitor changes in the marine environment in the waters surrounding Korea. The various types of marine chemical data produced in this way have been independently managed according to the purpose of each institution. Recently, efforts are being made to integrate various data led by the state. In this study, the data quality management method used to systematically manage the data of various types produced by various institutions abroad was explained. In this study, by applying this method, the format of data produced by various domestic institutions is unified, primary quality control of data according to oceanographic characteristics, secondary quality control using reliable data and comparison or standard materials, etc. It aims to provide basic information for carrying out these processes, and ultimately contribute to integrating data collected for various purposes in Korea into a data set that can be compared with each other regardless of the proficiency of producers.

Keywords
Biogeochemical data
GLODAP data set
Primary QC
Secondary QC
JOISS

최근에 기후변화와 같은 전 지구적인 문제에 대한 해양의 역할을 이해하기 위해 다양한 연구자들이 지난 반세기 동안 전 세계 해양에서 수집한 자료를 통합하여 체계적으로 관리하기 위한 노력을 수행하였다. 국내에서도 우리나라 주변 해역에서 해양 환경변화를 지속해서 감시하기 위한 노력을 공공기관, 연구소, 대학에서 수행하고 있다. 이렇게 생산된 다양한 형태의 해양화학 자료들은 기관별 목적에 따라 자체적으로 관리해 왔다. 최근 국가 주도로 다양한 자료를 통합하는 노력을 수행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 해외 여러 기관에서 생산된 다양한 형태의 자료를 통합하여 체계적으로 관리에 사용된 자료 품질관리 방법에 관해 설명하였다. 본 연구에서는, 이러한 방법을 적용하여 국내 여러 기관에서 생산된 자료의 형식을 통일, 해양학적인 특성에 따라 자료의 일차적인 품질관리, 신뢰할 만한 자료와 비교 또는 표준물질 등을 활용한 이차적인 품질관리를 수행하기 위한 기초정보를 제공하고, 궁극적으로는 국내에서 다양한 목적으로 수집된 자료가 생산자의 숙련도와 상관없이 상호비교 가능한 자료로 통합하는데 기여하고자 한다.

References
1
Brewer, P.G., G.T.F. Wong, M.P. Bacon and D.W. Spencer, 1975. An Oceanic calcium problem? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 26: 81-87. 10.1016/0012-821X(75)90179-X
2
García, H.E. and L.I. Gordon, 1992. Oxygen solubility in seawater: Better fitting equations, Limnol. Oceanogr., 37(6): 1307-1312. 10.4319/lo.1992.37.6.1307
3
Hawking, J.R., J.L. Wadham, M. Tranter, E. Lawson. A. Sole, T. Cowton, A.J. Tedstone, I. Bartholomew, P. Nienow, D. Chandler and J. Telling, 2015. The effect of warming climate on nutrient and solute export from the Greenland Ice Sheet. Geochem. Persp. Let., 1: 94-104, doi: 10.7185/geochemlet.1510. 10.7185/geochemlet.1510
4
Hydes, D.J., M. Aoyama, A. Aminot, K. Bakker, S. Becker, S. Coverly, A. Daniel, A.G. Dickson, O. Grosso, R. Kerouel, J. van Ooijen, K. Sato, T. Tanhua, E.M.S. Woodward and J.Z. Zhang, 2010. Determination of dissolved nutrients (N, P, Si) in seawater with high precision and inter-comparability using gas-segmented continuous flow analysers. GO-SHIP Repeat Hydrography Manual: A collection of expert reports and guidelines. IOCCP report #14, ICPO publications series no.134, Version 1.
5
Johnson, G.C., P.E. Robbins, and G.E. Hufford, 2001. Systematic adjustments of hydrographic sections for internal consistency, J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., 18: 1234-1244. 10.1175/1520-0426(2001)018<1234:SAOHSF>2.0.CO;2
6
Key, R.M., A. Kozyr, C.L. Sabine, K. Lee, R. Wanninkhof, J.L. Bullister, R.A. Feely, F.J. Millero, C. Mordy and T.H. Peng, 2004. A global ocean carbon climatology: Results from Global Data Analysis Project (GLODAP), Global Biogeochem. Cy., 18, GB4031, 10.1029/2004GB002247.
7
Key, R.M., T. Tanhua, A. Olsen, M. Hoppema, S. Jutterstrom, C. Schirnick, S. van Heuven, A. Kozyr, X. Lin, A. Velo, D.W.R. Wallace and L. Mintrop, 2010. The CARINA data synthesis project: introduction and overview, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 2: 105-121, 10.5194/essd-2-105-2010.
8
Ki, J.-H. and K.-R. Kim, 1987. Studies on Chemical and Biological Processes in the Keum River Estuary, Korea II. Factors controlling chlorophyll-a distribution. J.Oceano. Soc. Korea, 22(3): 207-215.
9
Lebrato, M., D. Garbe-Schönberg, M.N. Müller, S. Blanco-Ameijeiras, R.A. Feely, L. Lorenzoni, J.-C. Molinero, K. Bremer, D.O.B. Jones, D. Iglesias-Rodriquez, D. Greely, M.D. Lamare, A. Paulmier, M. Carco, J. Cartes, J.B. Ramos, A. Lara, R. Sanchea-Leal, P. Jimenez, F.E. Paparazzo, S.E. Hartman, U. Westernströer, M. Küter, R. Benavides, A.F. da Silva, S. Bell, C. Payne, S. Olafsdottir, K. Robinson, L.M. Jantunen, A. Korablev, R.J. Webster, E.M. Jones, O. Gilg, P.B. du Bois, J. Beldowski, C. Ashijia, N.D. Yahia, B. Twining, X.-G. Chen, L.-C. Tseng, J.-S. Hwang, H.-U. Dahms and A. Oschlies, 2020. Global variability in seawater Mg:Ca and Sr:Ca ratios in the modern ocean. PNAS, 117(36): 22281-22292, 10.1073/pnas.1918943117.
10
Libes, S., 2009. Introduction to Marine Biogeochemistry. 2nd eddition, Academic Press, Burlington, San Diego, London, 925 pp.
11
Nozaki, Y., 2001. Elemental distribution: Overview. pp. 840-845 in Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, vol. 2. Steele, J.H., Thorpe, S.A. and K.K. Turekian, eds, Academic Press, London, http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rwos.2001.0402. 10.1006/rwos.2001.0402
12
Olsen, A., R.M. Key, S. van Heuven, S.K. Lauvset, A. Velo, X. Lin, C. Schirnick, A. Kozyr, T. Tanhua, M. Hoppema, S. Jutterström, R. Steinfeldt, E. Jeansson, M. Ishii, F.F. Pérez and T. Suzuki, 2016. The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2)- an internally consistent data product for the world ocean, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8: 297-323, 10.5194/essd-8-297-2016.
13
Olsen, A., N. Lange, R.M. Key, T. Tanhua, M. Álvarez, S. Becker, H.C. Bittig, B.R. Carter, L. Cotrim da Cunha, R.A. Feely, S. van Heuven, M. Hoppema, M. Ishii, E. Jeansson, S.D. Jones, S. Jutterström, M.K. Karlsen, A. Kozyr, S.K. Lauvset, C. Lo Monaco, A. Murata, F.F. Pérez, B. Pfeil, C. Schirnick, R. Steinfeldt, T. Suzuki, M. Telszewski, B. Tilbrook, A. Velo and R. Wanninkhof, 2019. GLODAPv2.2019-an update of GLODAPv2, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11: 1437-1461, 10.5194/essd-11-1437-2019.
14
Olsen, A., N. Lange, R.M. Key, T. Tanhua, H.C. Bittig, A. Kozyr, M. Álvarez, K. Azetsu-Scott, S. Becker, P.J. Brown, B.R. Carter, L. Cotrim da Cunha, R.A. Feely, S. van Heuven, M. Hoppema, M. Ishii, E. Jeansson, S. Jutterström, C.S. Landa, S. Lauvset, P. Michaelis, A. Murata, F.F. Pérez, B. Pfeil, C. Schirnick, R. Steinfedt, T. Suzuki, B. Tilbrook, A. Velo, R. Wanninkhof and R.J. Woosley, 2020. Global ocean data analysis project version 2.2020 (GLODAPv2.2020), NOAA, National Centers for Environmental Information, 10.25921/2c8h-sa89.
15
Sabine, C., R.M. Key, K.M. Kozyr, Johnson, F.J. Millero, A. Poisson, J.L. Sarmiento, D.W.R. Wallace and C.D. Winn, 1999. Anthropogenic CO2 inventory of the Indian Ocean, Global Biogeocyhem. Cy., 13(1): 179-198. 10.1029/1998GB900022
16
Sabine, C., R.M. Key, A. Kozyr, R.A. Feely, R. Wanninkhof, F.J. Millero, T.-H. Peng, J.L. Bullister and K. Lee, 2005. Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP): Results and Data, ORNL/CDIAC-145, NDP-083, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. 10.3334/CDIAC/otg.ndp083
17
Suzuki, T., M. Ishii, A. Aoyama, J.R. Christian, K. Enyo, T. Kawano, R.M. Key, N. Kosugi, A. Kozyr, L.A. Miller, A. Murata, T. Nakano, T. Ono, T. Saino, K. Sasaki, D. Sasano, Y. Takatani, M. Wakita and C. Sabine, 2013. PACIFICA Data Synthesis Project, ORNL/CDIAC-159, NDP-092, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
18
Swift, J. and S.C. Diggs, 2008. Description of WHP exchange format for CTD/Hydrographic data, CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office, UCSD Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, Ca, USA.
19
Tanhua, T., S. van Heuven, R.M. Key, A. Velo, A. Olsen and C. Schirnick, 2010. Quality control procedures and methods of the CARINA database, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 2: 35-49. 10.5194/essd-2-35-2010
20
Wunsch, C., 1996. The Ocean circulation inverse problem, Cambridge University Press, 442 pp. 10.1017/CBO9780511629570
21
Yu, D., N. Chen, M.D. Krom, J. Lin, P. Cheng, F. Yu, W. Guo, H. Hong and X. Gao, 2019. Understanding how estuarine hydrology controls ammonium and other inorganic nitrogen concentrations and fluxes through the subtropical Jiulong River Estuary, S.E. China under baseflow and flood-affected conditions. Biogeochemistry, 142: 443-466. 10.1007/s10533-019-00546-9
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Oceanography
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국해양학회
  • Journal Title :The Sea Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국해양학회지 바다
  • Volume : 26
  • No :3
  • Pages :201-219
  • Received Date : 2021-06-30
  • Revised Date : 2021-08-22
  • Accepted Date : 2021-08-23
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7850/jkso.2021.26.3.201
Journal Informaiton The Sea Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography The Sea Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close